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| Reading Comprehension (part - 2) for Competitive Exams |
Passage:
The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Queensland, Australia, is the world’s largest coral reef system. Comprising over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands, it stretches over 2,300 kilometers. The reef is renowned for its vibrant marine life, including a wide variety of fish, mollusks, and coral species. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the seven natural wonders of the world. However, the Great Barrier Reef faces significant threats from climate change, coral bleaching, and pollution. Efforts are being made to protect and preserve this unique ecosystem for future generations.
Questions:
Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
- a) Caribbean Sea
- b) Mediterranean Sea
- c) Off the coast of Queensland, Australia
- d) Red Sea
Answer: c) Off the coast of Queensland, Australia Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of Queensland, Australia.
How many individual reefs make up the Great Barrier Reef?
- a) Over 1,000
- b) Over 2,900
- c) Over 500
- d) Over 3,500
Answer: b) Over 2,900 Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef comprises over 2,900 individual reefs.
What is the length of the Great Barrier Reef?
- a) 1,500 kilometers
- b) 2,300 kilometers
- c) 3,000 kilometers
- d) 2,000 kilometers
Answer: b) 2,300 kilometers Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef stretches over 2,300 kilometers.
Which of the following is NOT a threat to the Great Barrier Reef mentioned in the passage?
- a) Climate change
- b) Coral bleaching
- c) Overfishing
- d) Pollution
Answer: c) Overfishing Explanation: The passage mentions climate change, coral bleaching, and pollution as threats, but not overfishing.
Why is the Great Barrier Reef considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world?
- a) Due to its size and biodiversity
- b) Because it is man-made
- c) Due to its historical significance
- d) Because it is located in Australia
Answer: a) Due to its size and biodiversity Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world because of its size and biodiversity.
Passage:
The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, marked a significant turning point in history. Originating in Britain, it spread to other parts of the world, transforming economies from agrarian to industrial. The revolution brought about the development of new machinery, the establishment of factories, and advancements in transportation and communication. It also led to urbanization, as people moved from rural areas to cities in search of work. However, the Industrial Revolution also had negative consequences, including poor working conditions, environmental pollution, and social inequality. Despite these challenges, it laid the foundation for the modern industrialized world.
Questions:
Where did the Industrial Revolution originate?
- a) United States
- b) Germany
- c) Britain
- d) France
Answer: c) Britain Explanation: The Industrial Revolution originated in Britain in the late 18th century.
What was one of the major changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution?
- a) Decline in urbanization
- b) Transformation from agrarian to industrial economies
- c) Decrease in factory establishments
- d) Reduction in transportation advancements
Answer: b) Transformation from agrarian to industrial economies Explanation: The Industrial Revolution transformed economies from agrarian to industrial.
Which of the following was NOT an advancement during the Industrial Revolution?
- a) New machinery
- b) Establishment of factories
- c) Advancements in transportation
- d) Decline in communication
Answer: d) Decline in communication Explanation: The Industrial Revolution saw advancements in transportation and communication, not a decline.
What was one negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution mentioned in the passage?
- a) Improved working conditions
- b) Environmental pollution
- c) Increased rural population
- d) Decrease in social inequality
Answer: b) Environmental pollution Explanation: The passage mentions environmental pollution as a negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution.
What did the Industrial Revolution lay the foundation for?
- a) Agrarian societies
- b) Modern industrialized world
- c) Decline in urbanization
- d) Reduction in factory establishments
Answer: b) Modern industrialized world Explanation: The Industrial Revolution laid the foundation for the modern industrialized world.
Passage:
The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Queensland, Australia, is the world’s largest coral reef system. Comprising over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands, it stretches over 2,300 kilometers. The reef is renowned for its vibrant marine life, including a wide variety of fish, mollusks, and coral species. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the seven natural wonders of the world. However, the Great Barrier Reef faces significant threats from climate change, coral bleaching, and pollution. Efforts are being made to protect and preserve this unique ecosystem for future generations.
Inference-Based and Critical Thinking Questions:
Why might the Great Barrier Reef be considered a critical ecosystem for marine life?
- a) It is located in Australia
- b) It has a large number of islands
- c) It supports a wide variety of marine species
- d) It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Answer: c) It supports a wide variety of marine species Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef is considered critical because it supports a wide variety of marine species, making it a biodiversity hotspot.
What could be the long-term impact of climate change on the Great Barrier Reef?
- a) Increase in tourism
- b) Expansion of coral reefs
- c) Degradation of the reef ecosystem
- d) Improvement in water quality
Answer: c) Degradation of the reef ecosystem Explanation: Climate change can lead to coral bleaching and other adverse effects, resulting in the degradation of the reef ecosystem.
How do conservation efforts benefit the Great Barrier Reef?
- a) By increasing the number of tourists
- b) By reducing the threats from climate change and pollution
- c) By expanding the reef’s size
- d) By relocating marine species
Answer: b) By reducing the threats from climate change and pollution Explanation: Conservation efforts aim to mitigate the threats from climate change and pollution, thereby helping to preserve the reef.
What can be inferred about the relationship between the Great Barrier Reef and the local economy?
- a) The reef has no impact on the local economy
- b) The reef negatively affects the local economy
- c) The reef likely supports the local economy through tourism and fishing
- d) The reef is a burden on the local economy
Answer: c) The reef likely supports the local economy through tourism and fishing Explanation: The Great Barrier Reef attracts tourists and supports fishing activities, which likely contribute to the local economy.
Passage:
The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, marked a significant turning point in history. Originating in Britain, it spread to other parts of the world, transforming economies from agrarian to industrial. The revolution brought about the development of new machinery, the establishment of factories, and advancements in transportation and communication. It also led to urbanization, as people moved from rural areas to cities in search of work. However, the Industrial Revolution also had negative consequences, including poor working conditions, environmental pollution, and social inequality. Despite these challenges, it laid the foundation for the modern industrialized world.
Inference-Based and Critical Thinking Questions:
What might be a reason for the urbanization that occurred during the Industrial Revolution?
- a) Decline in agricultural productivity
- b) Increase in rural population
- c) Availability of jobs in factories
- d) Improvement in rural infrastructure
Answer: c) Availability of jobs in factories Explanation: The establishment of factories created job opportunities in cities, leading to urbanization as people moved from rural areas in search of work.
How did the advancements in transportation and communication during the Industrial Revolution likely impact society?
- a) They isolated communities
- b) They slowed down economic growth
- c) They facilitated trade and information exchange
- d) They reduced the need for factories
Answer: c) They facilitated trade and information exchange Explanation: Advancements in transportation and communication made it easier to trade goods and share information, contributing to economic growth and societal changes.
What can be inferred about the working conditions during the Industrial Revolution?
- a) They were generally safe and comfortable
- b) They were poor and often hazardous
- c) They improved significantly over time
- d) They were better than in rural areas
Answer: b) They were poor and often hazardous Explanation: The passage mentions poor working conditions as a negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution, indicating that they were often hazardous.
Why might the Industrial Revolution be considered a double-edged sword?
- a) It only had positive effects
- b) It had both positive and negative impacts
- c) It was beneficial only for rural areas
- d) It led to the decline of industrial economies
Answer: b) It had both positive and negative impacts Explanation: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant advancements and economic growth, but also had negative consequences such as poor working conditions and environmental pollution.
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