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| Indian polity is the study of the political system and governance of India. It covers topics such as the Constitution, federalism, democracy, secularism, human rights, and more. Indian polity is important for civil service aspirants and citizens alike. |
1. Which of the following is the correct order of the three lists in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India?
- A) Union List, State List, Concurrent List
- B) State List, Union List, Concurrent List
- C) Concurrent List, Union List, State List
- D) Union List, Concurrent List, State List
- Answer: A) Union List, State List, Concurrent List
- Explanation: The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India contains three lists that specify the subjects of legislation for the Union, the States and both. The Union List has 97 subjects, the State List has 66 subjects and the Concurrent List has 47 subjects.
2. Which of the following is not a constitutional body in India?
- A) National Commission for Scheduled Castes
- B) National Commission for Women
- C) National Human Rights Commission
- D) Election Commission of India
- Answer: B) National Commission for Women
- Explanation: The National Commission for Women is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament in 1990. The other three bodies are constitutional bodies established by the provisions of the Constitution of India.
3. Which of the following articles of the Constitution of India empowers the Parliament to amend the Constitution?
- A) Article 368
- B) Article 370
- C) Article 371
- D) Article 372
- Answer: A) Article 368
- Explanation: Article 368 of the Constitution of India provides the procedure for the amendment of the Constitution by the Parliament. It also specifies the types of amendments that require the ratification of at least half of the state legislatures.
4. Which of the following writs is issued by a court to a public authority to perform a duty that it has failed or refused to perform?
- A) Habeas Corpus
- B) Mandamus
- C) Quo Warranto
- D) Certiorari
- Answer: B) Mandamus
- Explanation: Mandamus is a Latin word that means 'we command'. It is a writ issued by a court to a public authority to compel it to perform a duty that it is legally bound to perform. It is also known as the writ of command.
5. Which of the following is the highest judicial authority in India?
- A) Supreme Court of India
- B) High Court of India
- C) National Judicial Council
- D) Lok Adalat
- Answer: A) Supreme Court of India
- Explanation: The Supreme Court of India is the apex court of the country and the final interpreter of the Constitution and the laws. It consists of the Chief Justice of India and up to 34 other judges. It has original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction.
6. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Fundamental Rights of the citizens of India?
- A) They are absolute and cannot be suspended or restricted
- B) They are relative and can be suspended or restricted by the Parliament
- C) They are absolute but can be suspended or restricted during a national emergency
- D) They are relative but can be suspended or restricted only by a constitutional amendment
- Answer: B) They are relative and can be suspended or restricted by the Parliament
- Explanation: The Fundamental Rights of the citizens of India are relative and not absolute. They can be suspended or restricted by the Parliament by making laws within the scope of the Constitution. They can also be suspended or restricted during a national emergency, except the rights under Articles 20 and 21.
7. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Directive Principles of State Policy of India?
- A) They are the guidelines for the state to promote the welfare of the people
- B) They are the obligations of the state to protect the rights of the people
- C) They are the goals and objectives of the state to achieve social and economic justice
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Directive Principles of State Policy of India are the guidelines, obligations, goals and objectives of the state to promote the welfare of the people and to achieve social and economic justice. They are not enforceable by the courts, but they are fundamental in the governance of the country.
8. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Attorney General of India?
- A) He is the chief legal adviser of the Government of India
- B) He is the highest law officer of the country
- C) He is appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Attorney General of India is the chief legal adviser of the Government of India and the highest law officer of the country. He is appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. He has the right to speak and take part in the proceedings of both the Houses of Parliament, but he cannot vote.
9. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Chief Election Commissioner of India?
- A) He is the head of the Election Commission of India
- B) He is appointed by the President for a term of six years or till the age of 65 years
- C) He can be removed from office only in the same manner and on the same grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Chief Election Commissioner of India is the head of the Election Commission of India, which is an independent constitutional body responsible for conducting free and fair elections in the country. He is appointed by the President for a term of six years or till the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. He can be removed from office only in the same manner and on the same grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court.
10. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Finance Commission of India?
- A) It is a constitutional body that advises the President on the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the states
- B) It is a statutory body that advises the Parliament on the allocation of financial resources among the states
- C) It is a constitutional body that advises the Parliament on the taxation and expenditure policies of the Union and the states
- D) It is a statutory body that advises the President on the fiscal and monetary policies of the Union and the states
- Answer: A) It is a constitutional body that advises the President on the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the states
- Explanation: The Finance Commission of India is a constitutional body that advises the President on the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the states. It is constituted by the President every five years under Article 280 of the Constitution. It also makes recommendations on the principles governing the grants-in-aid to the states and other fiscal matters.
11. Which of the following is the correct definition of the term 'secularism' as per the Indian Constitution?
- A) Separation of religion and state
- B) Freedom of religion and conscience
- C) Equality of all religions before the law
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The term 'secularism' is not defined in the Indian Constitution, but it implies all the aspects mentioned in the options. The Constitution guarantees freedom of religion and conscience to all citizens, prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, and ensures equal respect and protection to all religions.
12. Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the formation of the following states in India?
- A) Telangana, Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand
- B) Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Telangana
- C) Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Telangana
- D) Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Uttarakhand
- Answer: B) Uttarakhand, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Telangana
- Explanation: The correct chronological order of the formation of the states is as follows: Uttarakhand was formed on November 9, 2000 from Uttar Pradesh; Chhattisgarh was formed on November 1, 2000 from Madhya Pradesh; Jharkhand was formed on November 15, 2000 from Bihar; and Telangana was formed on June 2, 2014 from Andhra Pradesh.
13. Which of the following is the name of the parliamentary committee that examines the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India?
- A) Public Accounts Committee
- B) Estimates Committee
- C) Committee on Public Undertakings
- D) Committee on Government Assurances
- Answer: A) Public Accounts Committee
- Explanation: The Public Accounts Committee is a parliamentary committee that examines the accounts of the Union and the states, and the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. It consists of 22 members, 15 from Lok Sabha and 7 from Rajya Sabha.
14. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Fundamental Duties of the citizens of India?
- A) They are enforceable by the courts
- B) They are non-justiciable in nature
- C) They are derived from the Directive Principles of State Policy
- D) They are applicable only to the citizens and not to the state
- Answer: B) They are non-justiciable in nature
- Explanation: The Fundamental Duties of the citizens of India are non-justiciable in nature, which means that they are not enforceable by the courts. They are moral obligations of the citizens to promote the spirit of patriotism and to uphold the unity of India. They are inspired by the Constitution of the former Soviet Union.
15. Which of the following is the correct statement about the President of India?
- A) He is the head of the state and the executive
- B) He is the head of the state and the legislature
- C) He is the head of the state and the judiciary
- D) He is the head of the state and the armed forces
- Answer: A) He is the head of the state and the executive
- Explanation: The President of India is the head of the state and the executive. He is also the supreme commander of the armed forces, but he does not exercise any military powers. He is a part of the legislature, but he does not participate in its proceedings. He is not a part of the judiciary, but he appoints the judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts.
16. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Prime Minister of India?
- A) He is the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha
- B) He is the leader of the majority coalition in the Lok Sabha
- C) He is the leader of the party or coalition that enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha
- D) He is the leader of the party or coalition that enjoys the confidence of the President
- Answer: C) He is the leader of the party or coalition that enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha
- Explanation: The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the party or coalition that enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha. He is appointed by the President, but he can remain in office only as long as he has the support of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha. He can be from any political party or coalition, as long as he commands the confidence of the House.
17. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Rajya Sabha of India?
- A) It is the upper house of the Parliament and represents the states and union territories
- B) It is the lower house of the Parliament and represents the people of India
- C) It is the permanent house of the Parliament and cannot be dissolved
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Rajya Sabha of India is the upper house of the Parliament and represents the states and union territories. It is also the lower house of the Parliament and represents the people of India. It is the permanent house of the Parliament and cannot be dissolved. It consists of 245 members, of which 233 are elected by the state and union territory legislatures and 12 are nominated by the President.
18. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Lok Sabha of India?
- A) It is the lower house of the Parliament and represents the people of India
- B) It is the upper house of the Parliament and represents the states and union territories
- C) It is the temporary house of the Parliament and can be dissolved
- D) All of the above
- Answer: A) It is the lower house of the Parliament and represents the people of India
- Explanation: The Lok Sabha of India is the lower house of the Parliament and represents the people of India. It is also the house of the people and the popular chamber of the Parliament. It is the temporary house of the Parliament and can be dissolved. It consists of 545 members, of which 543 are elected by the people and 2 are nominated by the President from the Anglo-Indian community.
19. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Supreme Court of India?
- A) It is the highest court of appeal in the country
- B) It is the guardian of the Constitution and the fundamental rights
- C) It is the final interpreter of the Constitution and the laws
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of appeal in the country. It hears appeals from the High Courts and other subordinate courts. It is the guardian of the Constitution and the fundamental rights. It can issue writs to protect the rights of the citizens. It is the final interpreter of the Constitution and the laws. It can settle disputes between the Union and the states, and among the states.
20. Which of the following is the correct statement about the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
- A) It is the introduction to the Constitution and contains its basic philosophy
- B) It is the source of the authority of the Constitution and declares its objectives
- C) It is a part of the Constitution and can be amended by the Parliament
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: The Preamble of the Constitution of India is the introduction to the Constitution and contains its basic philosophy. It is the source of the authority of the Constitution and declares its objectives. It is a part of the Constitution and can be amended by the Parliament. It was amended only once in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment Act, which added the words 'socialist', 'secular' and 'integrity' to the Preamble.
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